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How To Live Sustainably With Solar Energy (4)

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**Steps**

8. Choose a charge controller.

The charge controller should be compatible with the particular chemistry (lead-acid, gel cell, NiMH, etc.), capacity, and number of batteries you're using. You may want one that is suitable for the batteries you now have, and a few more also, because the charge controller is relatively inexpensive and durable and room to grow is convenient.

Some important features are protection against overcharging, deep discharge, and excessive rate of charge and discharge. It's generally safe to assume that an all-in-one device has an acceptable general type of charge controller and that the other components can't charge or discharge the battery too quickly, but deep discharge protection is important for a device with a lead acid (including gel cell) battery.

9. Choose an inverter (for a power system only).

Check the waveform type it produces; "true sine wave" (a smooth wave, like a mechanical generator makes) is better for most devices, particularly sensitive electronics, than "modified sine wave", which risks damaging some; no other waveform is appropriate. The capacity should suffice for everything you might want to run from it at once; generous capacity is relatively inexpensive and not harmful.

10. Learn a lot about electrical wiring or find a good electrician, preferably familiar with Solar power or at least very smart, to install all the parts of a power system for you. Electricity is complicated, so even if you're doing a solar power project yourself, it's best to run your plans by someone knowledgeable first.

11. Choose some appliances.

Lamps: Fluorescent tubes or compact fluorescents are efficient, inexpensive, long- lived and powerful. LEDs are too, and physically durable but very expensive in high capacity so they are best for flashlights, lanterns and similarly small lights. Make the best use of them with reflectors and prismatic diffusers, not shades.
Computer: A laptop is generally best because it and its screen consumes very little power. An old, cheap one can is not very expensive, and can run basic software just fine. (Its own battery may go bad with age, but that doesn't matter if it's just being left plugged in.)
Laptops are not very well cooled -- clean the vents regularly.
If computers and Internet connections are uncommon in your area, you could Set up an Internet Cafe.
Power tools: rechargeable ones (charge their batteries from your power system) use little power and their charging process does not draw power very fast, making them particularly good for a small solar power system.
TV: If you must have one, get an LCD TV for low power consumption.

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